Primary dysmenorrhea
Primary dysmenorrhea is the medical term for common, painful menstrual cramps that happen in people who do not have other pelvic health issues.
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Find General PhysiciansClinical Overview
Primary dysmenorrhea refers to the intense, throbbing pain that occurs in the lower abdomen just before or during your period. It affects the uterus, which is the muscular organ where a baby grows, and happens when the uterine muscle contracts to shed its lining each month.
This pain occurs because your body produces high levels of hormone-like substances called prostaglandins. These chemicals signal your uterus to tighten and squeeze, which restricts blood flow to the muscle and creates the painful sensation you feel during your cycle.
Common Symptoms
- A dull, aching, or throbbing pain in the lower belly.
- Pain that may radiate into the lower back or down the inner thighs.
- Nausea or an upset stomach.
- Loose stools or diarrhea.
- Headaches or dizziness during the peak of the pain.